Right
EXAMPLE
Migi indicates the right-hand or right-side version.
Left
EXAMPLE
Hidari indicates the left-hand or left-side version.
PRONUNCIATION
/hee-dah-ree/
Front or forward
EXAMPLE
Mae-ukemi is a forward breakfall.
Rear or backward
EXAMPLE
Ushiro-ukemi is a backward breakfall.
PRONUNCIATION
/oo-shee-roh/
Side
EXAMPLE
Yoko often identifies a side direction or position.
Inside or inner
EXAMPLE
In o-uchi-gari, uchi tells you the action is on the inside.
Outside or outer
EXAMPLE
In o-soto-gari, soto tells you the action is on the outside.
Major or large
EXAMPLE
In o-goshi, o identifies the major or large form.
Minor or small
EXAMPLE
In ko-uchi-gari, ko identifies the minor or small form.
Basic or principal form, depending on context
EXAMPLE
Hon can identify the central or basic form of a posture.
Forward rolling movement
EXAMPLE
Zenpo-kaiten describes forward rotation used in rolling movement and breakfall study.
PRONUNCIATION
/zen-poh kie-ten/
Posture
EXAMPLE
Maintain balanced shisei while moving with a partner.
Natural posture
EXAMPLE
Shizentai is a relaxed, balanced natural standing posture.
PRONUNCIATION
/shee-zen-tie/
Defensive posture
EXAMPLE
Jigotai uses a lower, wider defensive posture.
PRONUNCIATION
/jee-goh-tie/
Ordinary alternating walking steps
EXAMPLE
Ayumi-ashi changes position using alternating steps.
PRONUNCIATION
/ah-yoo-mee ah-shee/
Following steps without crossing the feet
EXAMPLE
Tsugi-ashi moves one foot and then brings the other foot after it.
PRONUNCIATION
/tsoo-gee ah-shee/
Sliding steps
EXAMPLE
Use suri-ashi to move while keeping the feet close to the mat.
PRONUNCIATION
/soo-ree ah-shee/
Body control, shifting, or turning
EXAMPLE
Tai-sabaki changes body angle while preserving posture and balance.
PRONUNCIATION
/tie sah-bah-kee/
Turning footwork around a pivot or arc
EXAMPLE
Mawari-ashi changes direction around a pivot or circular path.
PRONUNCIATION
/mah-wah-ree ah-shee/
Hip or waist
EXAMPLE
Koshi appears in the names of many hip throws.
Foot or leg
EXAMPLE
Ashi appears in names involving a foot or leg action.
Hand or arm
EXAMPLE
Te appears in the classification te-waza.
Knee
EXAMPLE
Hiza means knee, as in hiza-guruma.
Throw
EXAMPLE
Nage appears in names for throwing actions.
Technique
EXAMPLE
Waza means technique and appears in many judo classifications.
Shrimping or hip-escape movement
EXAMPLE
Ebi-oyogi is a groundwork movement taught progressively by an instructor.
PRONUNCIATION
/eh-bee oh-yoh-gee/
Shoulder-extraction movement
EXAMPLE
Ask an instructor to demonstrate the club’s expected kata-nuki movement.
PRONUNCIATION
/kah-tah noo-kee/
Forward movement from a prone position
EXAMPLE
Fukuga-zenshin develops controlled forward movement while prone.
PRONUNCIATION
/foo-koo-gah zen-sheen/
Basic natural posture
EXAMPLE
The class begins the movement from shizen-hontai.
PRONUNCIATION
/shee-zen hon-tie/